3 ounces per square yard), but very strong (25 to 100 pounds per square inch). Macy’s Thanksgiving Day Parade 2023 Facts by the Numbers: 5,000 Costumes, 300 Pounds of Glitter, 49 Balloons and More. You can purchase solid color foil balloons, or latex balloons and match them with your themed balloon. S. com. A balloon weight is a small object that is used to keep a helium-filled balloon from floating away. You can vary the weights depending on the theme of the party or the season with air-drying clay. 8 mil (0. Projects Contests Teachers Wedding Balloon Weights. 875 Ounces - Thick Loop Inside Frilly Top - Reusable - Sturdy and Durable - Indoor/Outdoor Use - Great for Centerpieces and Balloon Bouquets Curing Ribbon: - Gold Decorative Ribbon - (1) - 500 Yard Roll - 3/16-inch Width - Easy to Curl Choose Bedwina. Picture the Problem: A helium balloon displaces heavier air, causing it to rise. 01 pounds on a scale. Helium filled latex balloons generally stay afloat. SHARE The suspected Chinese spy balloon was as tall as a 20-story building and weighed thousands of pounds. Mylar balloons are made of a thin, tough film of polyester. Light Industry &. Of course, this would include the mass of the balloon skin itself, and we are assuming that the pressure inside the balloon is not significantly greater than the surrounding pressure of 1 atm. Inc. airspace. balloonquestions@bargainballoons. - 4" x 4". How much helium do I need for 100 balloons? The amount of helium needed for 100 balloons can vary based on balloon size, but it might require approximately 8 to 12 cubic meters (8,000 to 12,000 liters) of helium. 56 Pcs Balloon and Balloon Weights, 50 Pieces Balloons Decorative Birthday Confetti Balloons 6 Pieces Balloon Weights Pack Holder Balloons Party Wedding Birthday Decors (Black, Gold Series) 8. Add to Cart. These clever balloon stand kits hold up to seven latex or mylar balloons. Weighted balloons are great for any arrangementOther weight-limiting factors include the type of flight booked and any rules the pilot sets. While shopping for party supplies and party decorations, no one forgets the balloons. 10 $ 10. Minnie Mouse balloons bring a pop of pink, polka-dot fun to birthday parties & beyond. You do not have to request "balloon gas" from your helium supplier, as the term is not. See more ideas about diy balloon weight, balloon weights, balloon diy. Find themed balloon holders for birthdays, weddings, graduation, and more. Ship to Me-Free on Orders $39+ Same Day Delivery-Enter ZIP Code. Keep your party balloons in place with a fun Pink Star Balloon Weight! Made of a shiny plastic, this star-shaped balloon weight stands on its own and grounds up to 10 latex or 12 foil helium filled balloons. small goody bag with the frame they made. 6 cu. Ideal for helium-filled 18˝ foil balloons. au if you have any questions. , the box measures 18 x 16 x 16, and the courier is UPS. 7. 98 ($1. A similar process occurs every time rockets are launched to space . Trying to keep costs down, I made some weights to anchor the helium balloons. Colorful balloons and weights can lead children to believe balloons and weights are toys. Shop for Geo Blossoms. Thirty 9-inch assorted color latex balloons. 2,143. Or fastest delivery Wed, Sep 13. Mylar balloons are made of a thin, tough film of polyester. Anatomy of a Hot Air Balloon. We produce balloon weights in various styles, shapes, and colors to make it easy for you to find the perfect one for your needs. 29 views, 1 likes, 1 loves, 1 comments, 0 shares, Facebook Watch Videos from darci-que. See more ideas about balloon weights, balloons, balloon diy. Next, slip the knot of a regular sized balloon through one of the holes in the decorating strip. Helium (from Greek: ἥλιος, romanized : helios, lit. At Bargain Balloons we strive to offer the lowest possible prices on over 20,000 products including foil balloons, latex balloons and balloon accessories. In this balloon tutorial, I show you how to make a balloon weight for decor. Ages: 3 years and up. 17 Original price. 2 yrs CN. A balloon weight can be reused by simply untieing or cutting the ribbon from the weight. Modified on Fri, 23 Jun 2023 at 06:11 PM. May 31, 2013 - Explore Flair Enchanted's board "Balloon weights ideas" on Pinterest. Shop for balloon arches, columns, helium tanks, pumps, weights, sticks, and other balloon accessories and fill the room with balloons at your next party. S. The last time I stopped by the hardware store I made sure to pick up some washers to use as pattern weights. . 20 shipping. I have not personally tested all. Modified on Thu, 18 Mar 2021 at 04:45 PM. DIY Holiday Backdrop: A very easy and inexpensive way to add weights to your balloons is by tying the ribbon around a pretty stone. The attached plastic loop at the top makes it easy to anchor your party balloons in style. All 185(ish) graduates!. A balloon weight can easily become dangerous if a child chooses to throw it or even put. See more ideas about balloon weights, balloon bouquet, balloons. Crawfish Party. They can be made of various materials, such as aluminium foil or paper, and come in multiple. You'll find bouquets are normally made up of 3, 5, or 7 balloons. 2 kg (5 pounds), the same volume of helium weighs about 4. Black Light Balloons. 2. This has included the jury of journalists being given guidance over what period of performance to assess, as well. Balloon Weights Balloons & Ribbons - Balloon weights pack of 12 - Black Curling ribbon 12 rolls - 48 Black balloons - Black party decorations Black Ballons ribbon party favor birthday decor (Black) 43. Silver Glitter Star Balloon Weight product details: 3 1/2in wide x 4 1/2in tall; 6oz net weightDescription. Since this speed is much higher than the speed of sound in air, the hole in the balloon actually breaks the sound barrier, creating a sonic boom. Watch Your Little Ones -Uninflated or broken balloons can create a choking hazard. The huge, high-altitude Chinese balloon sailed across the U. FREE shipping. 50 Cubic Feet: 17-inch Latex Helium Balloons: 2 Cubic Foot: 3-foot (inflated to 2. Geo Blossoms are latex balloons shaped like flowers and are available in 6 and 16 inches, however only the 16-inch balloons will float with helium. Add a little flash and flair to all your festivities! Truly fabulous for party costumes add on. SO40 3NB. (via Free People) 7. The most common type of balloon weight is the metal weight. speed time 0 0 Fig. Berwick 1 01 Splendorette Crimped Curling Ribbon, 3/16-Inch Wide by 500-Yard Spool, White. 3. The rubber then needs to be cooled down so that it can hold its shape when inflated; this usually takes about twenty minutes or so. We couldn't be helpful. Though either balloon can be used for any flight type,. Product Details. 6. Clear latex is an all. Made from quality material and comes with hook for binding balloons to it: Unit Count: 15. Thus, these balloon weights heavy holders will keep your balloons right where you placed them! Weights That Exceed Your Expectations! We are confident that you will be grateful to. This happens at about a height of 20 miles (32. These balloon Weights are so simple to make and do the job whilst looking super-cute. Make your own balloon weights home with materials you can find around the house! Prismatic 50th Birthday Balloon Weight - Sparkling Celebration. The balloons weight holders can be shared with your friends, family members, neighbors, colleagues, etc. Amazon. Balloon Equipment. Keep away from children and pets. Keep your party balloons in place with the Star Balloon Weight! Made of a shiny plastic, this star-shaped balloon weight stands on its own and grounds up to 10 latex or 12 foil helium filled balloons. Subtract the weight of the balloon and the weight of the heliumHelium Balloon Chart & Helium Balloon Calculator; Weights. Calculating the weight of a helium balloon. 8’’ DIY Ballon Weights for Helium Balloons. It takes 90. This will mean that on the day of the event all you have to do is inflate the balloons and knot and tie them to the ribbon. It works best if attached to metal, tied to a balloon. KEY FEATURES: Balloon Weights: - Pack of 12 - 5. 99. These are all textile yarns bonded by a sticky plastic that is smooth with a sheen finish. Try this instead!For more follow the hashtag #RachaelRayShowA high altitude balloon floats over Billings, Mont. Because the balloon already has weight to carry (passengers, propane, etc. 1 yrs CN Supplier . Martin Luther Beistle found a solution by manufacturing decorative plants made from paper and with this, The Beistle Company was born. 42 ounces or 11. Home. Celebration Balloons. 4 out of 5 stars 143. 6 Pcs Clear Arcylic Balloon Weight set Wrapped. 7 out of 5 stars 723. Shop for Weights. High-altitude balloons or stratostats are usually uncrewed balloons typically filled with helium or hydrogen and released into the stratosphere, generally attaining between 18 and 37 km (11 and 23 mi; 59,000 and 121,000 ft) above sea level. 34/Item) FREE delivery Thu, Sep 14 on $25 of items shipped by Amazon. or Best Offer. 50/Count)A helium-filled balloon can float very high up into the atmosphere, however, it cannot float up into outer space. Aqua Balloons do not come with a moisture pack and have a pink film that protects the balloon until it is ready to be inflated. Beistle 6 oz. Dangers of balloon releases and the law. For example, a balloon weight can be used to keep a piece of paper or a pen from floating away in a pool of water. 1) Instead, if the balloon were filled with hydrogen, we would be able to carry an additional amount. Make a statement at your party with these high-quality balloon weights that are available for purchase. Wrap the canned good with the tissue paper and gather together at the top. Balloon Arches; Balloon Garlands; Balloon Backdrops; Balloon Yard Signs; Helium Tanks & Pumps. CUSTOM MADE; THEMES & EVENTS. If it is not possible, the balloon can just be placed on the floor. Our standard balloon weights will not only keep your balloons on the ground, they'll do it in style. This item: Playo Metallic Balloon Weights - Pack of 12 (Green) $18. (a) No person shall sell or distribute any balloon which is constructed of electrically conductive material, and filled with a gas lighter than air without: (1) Affixing an object of sufficient weight to the balloon or its appurtenance to counter. 5 inch diameter ; No Fly-Aways: Each of these table balloon weights features a loop at the top to easily tie balloons and the 6-ounce weight helps ensure balloons or tablecloths stay secure Latex Manufacturing Process. 2. Unique Foil Polka Dot Fringe Balloon Weight, 4. 6 oz Balloon Weights, Party Decorations, Balloon Holders - QTY 6 Per Pack, Balloon Table Weights, Birthday, Baby Shower, Party Decorations. Starting at $3. Foil Balloon Weight, Black, 1ct. Bubble Weight Balloon Weight, 35 Gram, Metallic Rose Gold, 10 Piece. Store Pickup-Unavailable. This item Foil Fringe Foil Balloon Weight - Gold, 1 Pc. Air-fill your latex balloons to a variety of sizes and tie them into pairs. Dress up your vase. OCCASIONS AUTUMN & THANKSGIVING CHRISTMAS NEW YEARS EVE ST. Great for Birthday Balloons, Graduation Balloons, Party Balloons, Weddings, Quinceanera, Bachelor and Bachelorette Parties and School Dances! The Bubble Weight™ is designed and manufactured by Creative Balloons Manufacturing, Inc. 5 In, 6 Colors) 2 5 out of 5 Stars. Pop & Toss -Once the party's over, deflate balloons first then discard. . Next, use the funnel to pour 1 cup of rice into the balloon. 9 cu. There’s no better or more stylish way to hold your balloon decorations in place than with our balloon weights, available in all types of sizes, colours, styles and designs. Free shipping. “We know the PRC used these balloons for surveillance,” the official said. The last time I stopped by the hardware store I made sure to pick up some washers to use as pattern weights. Silver Star Balloon Weight product details: 3 1/2in wide x 4 1/2in tall; 6oz net weight"A typical weather forecasting balloon will have a lightweight radiosonde payload that is about 200 grams in weight. 3 UCS 2021 0625/42/M/J/21 [Turn over (c) An object is released from the balloon. 35 oz). For safety purposes the material must also be extremely strong. If you set up at say 5-6am, open at 10am, close at 4pm; 11inch is fine. The other supplies are pretty simple as evident in the below tutorials. If you’re using multiple balloons, tie them all together with a string or ribbon. I made my own! #darcique #creemoreontario. I love that you can adjust the height of the balloon by tying it at different levels. After the Balloon/Additional uses. Before you add air into the balloon, it is empty and shapeless. 99. m. Nine cubic metres (1,000 cubic feet) of hydrogen weighs about 2. Slide the balloon ribbon along the rim of the jar and then secure the metal ring over the ribbon, trapping it between the glass and metal. 8’’ DIY Ballon Weights for Helium Balloons. 2. ca: So my suppliers are having trouble getting balloon weights so. High temperatures and exposure to the sun can cause the balloon to pop. Thus, a one-liter balloon of helium can lift a mass of (1. This process creates two halves of the balloon in one go. Here are some common materials used in the production of balloon weights: Plastic: Lightweight and cost-effective, plastic is a popular choice for balloon weights. Using a low-temperature glue gun, attach pairs onto the entirety of the larger latex balloon. It’s an excellent idea for a birthday party or bridal. Here are some of the warnings often found on latex balloon bags. Shop for wholesale balloon weights at Kelli's Gift Shop Suppliers. The weights to hold down your hot air balloons can be small baskets filled with flowers as pointed out in the above. OR wrap around the weight of a balloon bouquet! Best. 【Magnetic Material】Balloon weights are made of durable plastic and magnetic material. Whether you’re in the market for popular standard shapes like hearts, teddy bears, smiley faces & stars, or you’re in need of a custom design, our team is always ready to serve your best. You don't have to waste your money buying balloon weights. $7. 3. These Metallic Wrapped Balloon Weights are a great way to keep your balloons from floating out of reach. Dress up your vase. Supplies Needed Tissue paper Canned goods Washi Tape Scissors With just these four supplies you can make your own balloon weights. Totton. Balloon weights can be used to line up the balloons in various heights or to keep them in place without disturbing them. #9618. Learn how to make a balloon weight using salt or sand! This easy to do balloon weight can be made in any size that you need for your balloon decorations. In effect, you'd have made a tiny little hot air balloon! Animation: Burning gas makes the air inside the balloon less dense, producing an upward force or lift. Advertisement. Product Details. You can buy a case of small wate. The attached plastic loop at the top makes it easy to anchor your party balloons in style. Balloons are the signature elements of the Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade. A child will be fascinated by the clay dinosaurs and star shapes if the. This Balloon Weight is great for Everyday Balloon Programs, Birthdays, Fundraisers & Holidays. These balloon Weights are so simple to make and do the job whilst looking super-cute. Ship to: 23917. In addition to being a law in California (and many other states), helium-filled foil balloons and latex balloons must be tethered with an appropriate balloon weight. There are a few reasons for that. 4. Perfect for parties, bridal showers, baby showers, and other special events! Tutus can be made all one color or mix and matched. S. 99 percent ultra-high purity gas used for other purposes such as the medical field. Free shipping, arrives in 3+ days. Made in the USA. , on Wednesday, Feb. Pack of 10 Gold Balloon Weight Boxes. ft. Fill the balloon, plastic wrap/bag/empty water bottle with sand. Jan 7, 2019 - Explore Maria Pontipedra's board "balloon weights" on Pinterest. Sand should be placed in tiny fabric pouches or strong plastic. 4 pounds). Fill the balloons with helium and then tie them off with a weight. £ 12. Shop All Christmas Costumes. , to bring much convenience for them to prepare party. 5 inches with a 2. . Easy to inflate. It is recommended to attach the balloon weights to the metal. 17 $2. Balloon Time Helium Kits. When choosing balloons to use, stay away from pearlized balloons because they will oxidize faster. Check out our custom balloon weights selection for the very best in unique or custom, handmade pieces from our party decor shops. Balloon weights are the answer to keep your balloons floating right at the centre. Just above the basket is the burner system. government shot the balloon down over the coastal waters of South Carolina shortly before 3 p. Free shipping, arrives by Sep 14. Shop DollarTree. 18 - $0. The balloon envelope is made of plastic material no thicker than sandwich wrap, and the pressure difference between the inside and outside is small. How to Make Balloon Weights with Sand. Well woven wicker is so strong that some ancient civilizations. Gold Foil Balloon Weights - Pack of 12. November 17, 2022. For special tasks, balloons can be filled with smoke, liquid water, granular media (e. At this point in the process, some companies may also apply. Min Order: 10. The best part about homemade balloon weights is that you can use any material you like. Using household objects and dollar-store finds in the form of balloon weights can also be fun. Grad Parties. 8 out of 5 stars 1,127. A standard 12″ balloon can hold about 0. Purple Star Balloon Weight product details: 3 1/2in wide x 4 1/2in tall; 6oz net weightPoker Chip Balloon Weights Table Centerpiece /Poker Chips Table Decoration and Photo Holder 6 Pack/Poker Party Table Decor/Going All in. Begin by inflating the balloon to its fullest. 40. Inflating two balloons with the same amount of helium -- one balloon each of latex and Mylar -- and tying them with a ribbon secured to a weight results in both balloons floating in similar fashion for a while. A cubic foot of air weighs roughly 28 grams (about an ounce). How to make your own balloon weights: place one ball inside the second one using a stick (this will help you to strengthen the latex product); put the stick aside, and then put the double ball on the faucet in your bathroom and fill it with water; after that, release the remaining air from the balloon and tie its neck tightly. 99 $12. A compartment within a boat, ship, submarine, or other floating structure that. (1. Larger hot air balloons tend to have increased carrying capacity, but due to safety considerations rarely take off with more than 1,000 pounds on board. See more ideas about balloon weights, balloons, party planning. DIY party helium balloon weights made from drink cans, filled with earth and covered in tissue paper! Claire Smith. Party Balloons. $2. Some balloons are purely decorative, others are used for specific purposes. 4. Balloon weights can also be made from household objects and dollar store finds. 8 grams hold down one 9-inch latex balloon, or one 18-inch foil balloon; 14 to 16 grams hold down one 12-inch latex balloon, or one 26-inch foil balloon; 30 grams hold down one 28-inch to 30-inch 3D foil balloon, or two 12-inch latex balloons; 65 grams hold down four or five latex balloons and one 18-inch foil balloon, or nine 18-inch foil balloons4. Choking Hazard - Children less than 8 years can choke or suffocate on non-inflated or broken balloons. Standard Kit. Made of a shiny, glitter-covered plastic, this shimmering star-shaped balloon weight stands on its own. That's because compressed air is heavier than its surroundings, so the air has mass or weight. 99 ($1. The weights will keep the balloons from floating away, and the ribbon will add a touch of color and fun to your décor. Selling or distributing balloons filled with a gas that is lighter than air is also prohibited. 25 inches, this foil weight is sure to come in handy at your birthday party, bridal shower, or other special event. 05/Count). November 17, 2022. Beistle 2 Piece Grad Cap Photo Holder Balloon Weight, Multicolored. Simply hold the balloon tightly over a slowly running tap, fill the balloon with some water (see the weights of water required below) and tie tightly. com: 24 Pcs Balloon Weights Metallic Anchor Balloon Holder Heavy Table Weights and 1 Roll Ribbon Iridescent Crimped Ribbon Shiny Ribbon for Birthday Wedding Halloween Christmas Decorations. Decorate the sandbag weights by wrapping them in used foil balloons, latex balloons, tissue paper, cellophane, fabric, or whatever you choose to decorate the weight with. $ 735. SKU: 866627. A balloon weight can be used to keep the balloon from floating away by tying the string or ribbon that is attached to the balloon to the weight. 9 gram Happy Clip™. (3. A very simple balloon size determinator for an outdoor arch is the length of time it has to last. Balloon weights can be used in any room of your home or office where you want. A balloon catheter is a type of "soft" catheter with an inflatable "balloon" at its tip which is used during a catheterization procedure to enlarge a narrow opening or passage within the body. Value brand latex balloons tend to be thinner, lighter, have shorter necks, and colors appear less vivid compared to premium professional quality brands. Balloons have also proved enormously valuable to science. Foil balloons are created from a film made of plastic and metal and are not biodegradable. Making balloon weights out of sand is one of the cheap balloon weights ideas. The next day everyone will surely talk about your successful party and the gorgeous holiday costumes. Use a pool noodle or an inflatable raft to keep the balloon in place. 50 Shop Now. A number of changes have made to the Ballon d’Or award process in recent years. $327 ($0. Thanksgiving Made Easy. stomach to help you lose weight. Modified on Thu, 12 Aug 2021 at 11:47 AM. 2) A thin layer of aluminum foil is applied to each square or rectangle using heat sealing techniques. Save 8%. 24 Pieces Balloon Weights Metallic Anchor Balloon Holder Heavy Table Weights and 1 Roll Ribbon Curling Ribbon Iridescent Crimped Ribbon Shiny Ribbon for Table Party Birthday Decorations (Gold) 3. Make sure all balloon remnants are kept away from the kiddos. 8 Items. Once the rice is in the balloon, tie a knot at the end of the balloon to secure the contents. says it was being used for surveillance and intelligence collection, but officials have provided few details. Modified on Fri, 23 Jun 2023 at 01:29 PM. 1-866-330-1272. 5. Rather, it is the weight of the air that was displaced by the balloon. Yet even with so great a downward force, the balloons stay aloft. Aqua Balloons do not come with a moisture pack and have a pink film that protects the balloon until it is ready to be inflated. 4 metres and will burst around 6 metres. A balloon is a flexible bag normally filled with a gas, such as helium, hydrogen, nitrous oxide or air. 1 out of 5 stars. The neck of the balloon is wider, so it can be stretched open and stuffed with gifts, food, teddy bears, more balloons, etc. Poly curling ribbon is made out of polypropylene which will curl with the use. S. Common Sizes are listed below. Save with. The elastic crochet around the vase is 8 inch long and can stretch another inch. Balloon shaped balloon weight can be personalised. It is used to achieve weight loss in obese people, generally those with a body mass index (BMI) > 35 kg/m 2, or 30 kg/m 2 with certain comorbidities. Check out our balloons with weights selection for the very best in unique or custom, handmade pieces from our balloons shops. When you have tiny hands grasping. How To Stop Eating Sugar And Lose Weight , 7 Day Diet Plan For Weight Loss, What Are Balloon Weights Made Of, Shark Tank Weight Loss Pill Episode. Balloon Weights Balloon Strings Birthday Candles DIY Photo Clips Ready Made Cake Topper Party Sash Party Banners Party Poppers Tinsel Curtain Backdrop Table Cloth LED Fairy Lights Party Banners. It starts at rest and eventually reaches a constant speed. Using air-drying clay allows you to personalize the weights to your party theme or the season. sand, flour or rice), or light sources. Well, this decoration would not be possible without balloon weights. 29 each at Hobby Lobby or even at Dollar Tree, but I wanted a. Black Foil Balloon Weights - Pack of 12. Cycling. 3 out of 5 stars 3. We always recommend buying a balloon inflator that has a pressure gauge included. $849. Bariatric weight loss surgery with a gastric band or through removal of a portion of the stomach or gastric bypass surgery with endoscopy and laparoscopic. Using household objects and dollar-store finds in the form of balloon weights can also be fun. Both the outer material and the gas within have mass that results in a weight of perhaps 2,000 Newtons (450 pounds). Kalisan E-Catalog Color Chart. These weights are made of plastic and are filled with ribbons. 3909 Witmer Rd, Suite 862 Niagara Falls, NY, 14305. It’s super easy too! What to Do First you will need to tie the. . Shark Tank Keto Diet keto 1500 side effects, what are balloon weights made of Weight Loss Tips Mike Pompeo Weight Loss. Walker Weights. Poly curling ribbon is made out of polypropylene which will curl with the use. Use this balloon weight to anchor up to 15 latex balloons or 40 foil balloons. Deco Bubbles can float from 7 days up to a few weeks, while Aqua Balloons will only float for a few days. The term “balloon gas” distinguishes it from the 99. Available in assorted primary or pastel colors. airspace. First, fill up the bottle with either sand or rice and turn it into a Balloon. Simply hold the balloon tightly over a slowly running tap, fill the balloon with some water (see the weights of water required below) and tie tightly. $17. Despite their small size and light weight, they are extremely magnetic. InstructionsA hot air balloon is an aircraft that uses buoyancy to float in the air. Big Barrel E-Z Safety Seal™ Helium Balloon Valves; 1-piece E-Z Balloon. Glitter Blue Star Balloon Weight product details: 3 1/2in wide x 4 1/2in tall; 6oz net weightLoon's fleet of balloons, carrying communications technology that would allow mobile coverage in remote or disaster-affected areas, were designed to operate at a height of 19-25km (62,700-82,500ft. Ship It. Party Centerpieces. The form is then dipped into calcium nitrate to put a coating on the form to help with the stripping process. The giant helium balloons generally measure several stories in size, and depict characters from pop culture, such as cartoons, films, comic strips and advertising icons. Santa Suits;. 0 out of 5 stars They worked Great and Also made the Balloon set up look excellent! Reviewed in the United States on November 11, 2020. Fast food chain McDonald's made its parade debut in 1966 as a float, but it wasn't until 1987 that its mascot Ronald McDonald premiered as a balloon, posing in a.